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Intensive Care Service Research

The RPA Intensive Care Service (ICS) conducts and participates in research activities at a local, national, and international level. Our participation in clinical research exerts a positive influence on the quality of care for all the critically ill adults that we care for. The ICS has an active local research program and makes a prolific contribution to investigator-initiated randomised clinical trials in intensive care medicine via its membership of the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Clinical Trials Group (ANZICS CTG). 

RPA is one of the few hospitals in Australia which provides an Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) service. The Intensive Care Service, in collaboration with the Cardiology, Anaesthetics and Cardiothoracic Surgery Departments, has established an ECMO research program to further refine this advanced form of life support. 

Our Research Team

Associate Professor David Gattas Director of Research, Principal Investigator, Co-investigator
Heidi Buhr Research Clinical Nurse Consultant, Principal Investigator, Co-investigator, Vice Chair of IRCIG
Cindy Liang Research Coordinator, Co-investigator

Selected Grants

Amount awarded Grant and project details
$1,800,000 NHMRC, 2019-2023
A phase III multicentre blinded randomised controlled clinical non-inferiority trial of cryopreserved platelets vs. conventional liquid-stored platelets for the management of post-surgical bleeding.
Investigators: Reade M, Marks D, French C, McQuilten Z, Weinberg L, Irving D, Wood E, Bannon P, Johnson L, Gattas D​​​​​​​
$44,000 Intensive Care Foundation, 2023-2025
BLUSH trial - Phase 2b, randomised controlled trial of Bivalirudin versus Heparin in ECMO - a feasibility trail.
Investigator: Southwood T

Our Publications

2023

Abu Sardaneh A, Penm J, Oliver M, Gattas D, Mclachlan A, Patanwala A. Comparison of metaraminol versus no metaraminol on time to resolution of shock in critically ill patients. Eur J Hosp Pharm. 2023 Jul;30(4):214-220. doi: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2021-003035. Epub 2021 Oct 7.
Abu Sardaneh A, Penm J, Oliver M, Gattas D, McLachlan AJ, James C, Cella C, Aljuhani O, Acquisto NM, Patanwala AE. International pharmacy survey of peripheral vasopressor infusions in critical care (INFUSE). J Crit Care. 2023 Dec;78:154376. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2023.154376. Epub 2023 Aug 2.
Bagshaw SM, Neto AS, Smith O, Weir M, Qiu H, Du B, Wang AY, Gallagher M, Bellomo R, Wald R; STARRT-AKI Investigators. Correction: Impact of renal- replacement therapy strategies on outcomes for patients with chronic kidney disease: a secondary analysis of the STARRT-AKI trial. Intensive Care Med. 2023 Mar;49(3):381-383. doi: 10.1007/s00134-023-06976-2. Erratum for: Intensive Care Med. 2022 Dec;48(12):1736-1750.
Billot L, Bellomo R, Gallagher M, Gattas D, Hammond NE, Mackle D, Micallef S, Myburgh J, Navarra L, Saxena M, Taylor C, Young PJ, Finfer S; PLUS Study investigators and the ANZICS Clinical Trials Group. The Plasma-Lyte 148 versus Saline (PLUS) statistical analysis plan: a multicentre, randomised controlled trial of the effect of intensive care fluid therapy on mortality. Crit Care Resusc. 2023 Oct 18;23(1):24-31. doi: 10.51893/2021.1.OA2.
Burns KEA, Cook DJ, Xu K, Dodek P, Villar J, Jones A, Kapadia FN, Gattas DJ, Epstein SK, Pelosi P, Kefala K, Meade MO, Rizvi L; Canadian Critical Care Trials Group. Differences in directives to limit treatment and discontinue mechanical ventilation between elderly and very elderly patients: a substudy of a multinational observational study. Intensive Care Med. 2023 Oct;49(10):1181-1190. doi: 10.1007/s00134-023-07188-4. Epub 2023 Sep 22.
Burrell A, Ng S, Ottosen K, Bailey M, Buscher H, Fraser J, Udy A, Gattas D, Totaro R, Bellomo R, Forrest P, Martin E, Reid L, Ziegenfuss M, Eastwood G, Higgins A, Hodgson C, Litton E, Nair P, Orford N, Pellegrino V, Shekar K, Trapani T, Pilcher D. Blend to Limit OxygEN in ECMO: A RanDomised ControllEd Registry (BLENDER) Trial: Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan. Crit Care Resusc. 2023 Aug 4;25(3):118-125. doi: 10.1016/j.ccrj.2023.06.001. Erratum in: Crit Care Resusc. 2024 Feb 01;26(1):60.
Dennis M, Southwood TJ, Oliver M, Nichol A, Burrell A, Hodgson C. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Cardiopulmonary Resusciation (ECPR) research priorities in Australia: A clinician survey. Aust Crit Care. 2023 Sep;36(5):828-831. doi: 10.1016/j.aucc.2022.11.009. Epub 2023 Jan 4.
Diehl A, Read AC, Southwood T, Buscher H, Dennis M, Nanjayya VB, Burrell AJC. The effect of restrictive versus liberal selection criteria on survival in ECPR: a retrospective analysis of a multi-regional dataset. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2023 Dec 4;31(1):89. doi: 10.1186/s13049-023-01154-1.
Duffin SC, Askew JH, Southwood TJ, Forrest P, Plunkett B, Totaro RJ. An intensivist-led ECMO accreditation pathway and safety data over the first 4 years. Crit Care Resusc. 2023 Dec 14;26(1):41-46. doi: 10.1016/j.ccrj.2023.11.006.
Klein TT, O'Leary MJ, Staub L, Cavazzoni E. Organ donation by children in Australia, 2000-2019: impact of the 2009 National Reform Program. A population-based registry data study. Med J Aust. 2023 Jun 19;218(11):520-525. doi: 10.5694/mja2.51978. Epub 2023 May 29.
LOVIT-COVID Investigators, on behalf of the Canadian Critical Care Trials Group, and the REMAP-CAP Investigators; Adhikari NKJ, Hashmi M, Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan BK, Haniffa R, Beane A, Webb SA, Angus DC, Gordon AC, Cook DJ, Guyatt GH, Berry LR, Lorenzi E, Mouncey PR, Au C, Pinto R, Ménard J, Sprague S, Masse MH, Huang DT, Heyland DK, Nichol AD, McArthur CJ, de Man A, Al-Beidh F, Annane D, Anstey M, Arabi YM, Battista MC, Berry S, Bhimani Z, Bonten MJM, Bradbury CA, Brant EB, Brunkhorst FM, Burrell A, Buxton M, Cecconi M, Cheng AC, Cohen D, Cove ME, Day AG, Derde LPG, Detry MA, Estcourt LJ, Fagbodun EO, Fitzgerald M, Goossens H, Green C, Higgins AM, Hills TE, Ichihara N, Jayakumar D, Kanji S, Khoso MN, Lawler PR, Lewis RJ, Litton E, Marshall JC, McAuley DF, McGlothlin A, McGuinness SP, McQuilten ZK, McVerry BJ, Murthy S, Parke RL, Parker JC, Reyes LF, Rowan KM, Saito H, Salahuddin N, Santos MS, Saunders CT, Seymour CW, Shankar-Hari M, Tolppa T, Trapani T, Turgeon AF, Turner AM, Udy AA, van de Veerdonk FL, Zarychanski R, Lamontagne F. Intravenous Vitamin C for Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19: Two Harmonized Randomized Clinical Trials. JAMA. 2023 Nov 14;330(18):1745-1759. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.21407. Erratum in: JAMA. 2023 Dec 26;330(24):2398. Erratum in: JAMA. 2024 May 21;331(19):1680.
Patanwala AE, Moran B, Johnstone C, Koelzow H, Penm J. Effectiveness of Sublingual Buprenorphine for Pain Control in the ICU. Crit Care Med. 2023 Dec 1;51(12):1650-1658. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000006031. Epub 2023 Aug 29.
Pilowsky JK, Elliott R, Roche MA. Association Between Preexisting Mental Health Disorders and Adverse Outcomes in Adult Intensive Care Patients: A Data Linkage Study. Crit Care Med. 2023 Apr 1;51(4):513-524. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000005792. Epub 2023 Feb 8.
Pound G, Eastwood GM, Jones D, Hodgson CL; ANZ-CODE Investigators. ANZ-CODE management committee; Sites and Site Investigators. Potential role for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation cardiopulmonary resuscitation (E-CPR) during in-hospital cardiac arrest in Australia: A nested cohort study. Crit Care Resusc. 2023 Jun 24;25(2):90-96. doi: 10.1016/j.ccrj.2023.05.006.
Raasveld SJ, de Bruin S, Reuland MC, van den Oord C, Schenk J, Aubron C, Bakker J, Cecconi M, Feldheiser A, Meier J, Müller MCA, Scheeren TWL, McQuilten Z, Flint A, Hamid T, Piagnerelli M, Tomic Mahecic T, Benes J, Russell L, Aguirre-Bermeo H, Triantafyllopoulou K, Chantziara V, Gurjar M, Myatra SN, Pota V, Elhadi M, Gawda R, Mourisco M, Lance M, Neskovic V, Podbregar M, Llau JV, Quintana-Diaz M, Cronhjort M, Pfortmueller CA, Yapici N, Nielsen ND, Shah A, de Grooth HJ, Vlaar APJ; InPUT Study Group. Red Blood Cell Transfusion in the Intensive Care Unit. JAMA. 2023 Nov 21;330(19):1852-1861. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.20737.
Reece L, Moran B, Ferrie S, Ansari N, Koh C, Allman-Farinelli M, Carey S. A global analysis of nutrition support practices in patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for peritoneal malignancy. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2023 Oct;57:297-304. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.07.012. Epub 2023 Jul 11.
REMAP-CAP Investigators; Hills TE, Lorenzi E, Berry LR, Shyamsundar M, Al-Beidh F, Annane D, Arabi Y, Aryal D, Au C, Beane A, Bhimani Z, Bonten M, Bradbury CA, Brunkhorst FM, Burrell A, Buxton M, Calfee CS, Cecconi M, Cheng AC, Cove ME, Detry MA, Estcourt LJ, Fitzgerald M, Goligher EC, Goossens H, Green C, Haniffa R, Harrison DA, Hashmi M, Higgins AM, Huang DT, Ichihara N, Jayakumar D, Kruger PS, Lamontagne F, Lampro L, Lawler PR, Marshall JC, Mason AJ, McGlothlin A, McGuinness S, McQuilten ZK, McVerry BJ, Mouncey PR, Murthy S, Neal MD, Nichol AD, O'Kane CM, Parke RL, Parker JC, Rabindrarajan E, Reyes LF, Rowan KM, Saito H, Santos M, Saunders CT, Seymour CW, Shankar-Hari M, Sinha P, Thompson BT, Turgeon AF, Turner AM, van de Veerdonk F, Weis S, Young IS, Zarychanski R, Lewis RJ, McArthur CJ, Angus DC, Berry SM, Derde LPG, Webb SA, Gordon AC, McAuley DF. Simvastatin in Critically Ill Patients with Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2023 Dec 21;389(25):2341-2354. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2309995. Epub 2023 Oct 25.
Ridley EJ, Chapple LS, Ainscough K, Burrell A, Campbell L, Dux C, Ferrie S, Fetterplace K, Jamei M, King V, Neto AS, Nichol A, Osland E, Paul E, Summers M, Marshall AP, Udy A. Nutrition care processes across hospitalisation in critically ill patients with COVID-19 in Australia: A multicentre prospective observational study. Aust Crit Care. 2023 Nov;36(6):955-960. doi: 10.1016/j.aucc.2023.01.003. Epub 2023 Jan 17.
Skrifvars MB, Luethi N, Bailey M, French C, Nichol A, Trapani T, McArthur C, Arabi YM, Bendel S, Cooper DJ, Bellomo R; EPO-TBI Investigators, the ANZICS Clinical Trials Group. The effect of recombinant erythropoietin on long-term outcome after moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury. Intensive Care Med. 2023 Jul;49(7):831-839. doi: 10.1007/s00134-023-07141-5. Epub 2023 Jul 5.
Summers MJ, Chapple LS, Bellomo R, Chapman MJ, Ferrie S, Finnis ME, French C, Hurford S, Kakho N, Karahalios A, Maiden MJ, O'Connor SN, Peake SL, Presneill JJ, Ridley EJ, Tran-Duy A, Williams PJ, Young PJ, Zaloumis S, Deane AM; TARGET Protein Investigators and the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Clinical Trials Group. Study protocol for TARGET protein: The effect of augmented administration of enteral protein to critically ill adults on clinical outcomes: A cluster randomised, cross-sectional, double cross-over, clinical trial. Crit Care Resusc. 2023 Sep 29;25(3):147-154. doi: 10.1016/j.ccrj.2023.08.001.
Wald R, Gaudry S, da Costa BR, Adhikari NKJ, Bellomo R, Du B, Gallagher MP, Hoste EA, Lamontagne F, Joannidis M, Liu KD, McAuley DF, McGuinness SP, Nichol AD, Ostermann M, Palevsky PM, Qiu H, Pettilä V, Schneider AG, Smith OM, Vaara ST, Weir M, Dreyfuss D, Bagshaw SM; STARRT-AKI Investigators. Initiation of continuous renal replacement therapy versus intermittent hemodialysis in critically ill patients with severe acute kidney injury: a secondary analysis of STARRT-AKI trial. Intensive Care Med. 2023 Nov;49(11):1305-1316. doi: 10.1007/s00134-023-07211-8. Epub 2023 Oct 10.
Worku E, Adam Worku D. Atraumatic Splenic Rupture in Legionella pneumophila Pneumonia. Case Rep Infect Dis. 2023 Jun 7;2023:9625170. doi: 10.1155/2023/9625170. 
Worku E, Brodie D, Ling RR, Ramanathan K, Combes A, Shekar K. Venovenous extracorporeal CO2 removal to support ultraprotective ventilation in moderate-severe acute respiratory distress syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. Perfusion. 2023 Jul;38(5):1062-1079. doi: 10.1177/02676591221096225. Epub 2022 Jun 2.
Worku E, Schmidt M, Shekar K. Is It Time to Put Low-Flow Extracorporeal Carbon Dioxide Removal to REST? Crit Care Med. 2023 Jul 1;51(7):973-976. Doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000005889. Epub 2023 Jun 15.
Worku ET, Win AM, Parmar D, Anstey C, Shekar K. Haematological Trends and Transfusion during Adult Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Single Centre Study. J Clin Med. 2023 Mar 31;12(7):2629. doi: 10.3390/jcm12072629.
Writing Committee for the REMAP-CAP Investigators; Higgins AM, Berry LR, Lorenzi E, Murthy S, McQuilten Z, Mouncey PR, Al-Beidh F, Annane D, Arabi YM, Beane A, van Bentum-Puijk W, Bhimani Z, Bonten MJM, Bradbury CA, Brunkhorst FM, Burrell A, Buzgau A, Buxton M, Charles WN, Cove M, Detry MA, Estcourt LJ, Fagbodun EO, Fitzgerald M, Girard TD, Goligher EC, Goossens H, Haniffa R, Hills T, Horvat CM, Huang DT, Ichihara N, Lamontagne F, Marshall JC, McAuley DF, McGlothlin A, McGuinness SP, McVerry BJ, Neal MD, Nichol AD, Parke RL, Parker JC, Parry-Billings K, Peters SEC, Reyes LF, Rowan KM, Saito H, Santos MS, Saunders CT, Serpa-Neto A, Seymour CW, Shankar-Hari M, Stronach LM, Turgeon AF, Turner AM, van de Veerdonk FL, Zarychanski R, Green C, Lewis RJ, Angus DC, McArthur CJ, Berry S, Derde LPG, Gordon AC, Webb SA, Lawler PR. Long-term (180-Day) Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 in the REMAP-CAP Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2023 Jan 3;329(1):39-51. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.23257.
Writing Committee for the REMAP-CAP Investigators; Lawler PR, Derde LPG, van de Veerdonk FL, McVerry BJ, Huang DT, Berry LR, Lorenzi E, van Kimmenade R, Gommans F, Vaduganathan M, Leaf DE, Baron RM, Kim EY, Frankfurter C, Epelman S, Kwan Y, Grieve R, O'Neill S, Sadique Z, Puskarich M, Marshall JC, Higgins AM, Mouncey PR, Rowan KM, Al-Beidh F, Annane D, Arabi YM, Au C, Beane A, van Bentum-Puijk W, Bonten MJM, Bradbury CA, Brunkhorst FM, Burrell A, Buzgau A, Buxton M, Cecconi M, Cheng AC, Cove M, Detry MA, Estcourt LJ, Ezekowitz J, Fitzgerald M, Gattas D, Godoy LC, Goossens H, Haniffa R, Harrison DA, Hills T, Horvat CM, Ichihara N, Lamontagne F, Linstrum KM, McAuley DF, McGlothlin A, McGuinness SP, McQuilten Z, Murthy S, Nichol AD, Owen DRJ, Parke RL, Parker JC, Pollock KM, Reyes LF, Saito H, Santos MS, Saunders CT, Seymour CW, Shankar-Hari M, Singh V, Turgeon AF, Turner AM, Zarychanski R, Green C, Lewis RJ, Angus DC, Berry S, Gordon AC, McArthur CJ, Webb SA. Effect of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor and Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Initiation on Organ Support-Free Days in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2023 Apr 11;329(14):1183-1196. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.4480. Erratum in: JAMA. 2023 Dec 26;330(24):2398.