Hearing loss affects 1 in 6 Australians, with diverse communication preferences. Deaf individuals may use Auslan (Australian Sign Language), Signed English, a signed language from another country, speech, lipreading, or a combination. English is often a second or non-preferred language; lipreading and written notes are often ineffective.

Before Booking an Interpreter

• Determine the patient’s preferred communication method before booking:
  • Auslan
  • Signed English
  • another sign language
  • adapted sign language for Deafblind patients
  • Deaf Interpreter (for complex needs).
• If the patient is Deafblind, determine which adapted method they use:
  • hand over hand
  • Visual Frame
  • Tactile Fingerspelling.
• Deaf Interpreters may be needed for patients with language deprivation, mental health issues, living with Deaf blindness or who use overseas sign languages.

Working with Auslan Interpreters

• Brief interpreters beforehand and ensure appropriate seating and lighting.
• For appointments over an hour, multiple interpreters may be required.
• Speak at a natural pace and allow pauses for interpretation.
• Remove masks when safe to support visual communication.
• Use plain English, and visual aids sequentially (not while speaking) to ensure full access to information.
• Maintain eye contact and address the patient directly.
• Avoid assuming understanding based on speech or nodding.

Language Fluency, Cultural Awareness and other Considerations

• Auslan is a distinct language with its own grammar.
• Every country has its own sign language. If the patient is a migrant their native signed language may not be Auslan.
• Deafblind patients use an adapted version of signed language to communicate depending on their level of vision.
• Language fluency varies due to educational and social barriers.
• Written communication should be in plain English.
• Use respectful terms: Deaf, Hard of Hearing, or Deafblind.
• Avoid outdated terms like ‘deaf and dumb’ or ‘hearing impaired’ unless preferred by the individual.
• Language deprivation can impact mental health, cognition, and communication.
• Deaf individuals may experience fatigue and trauma related to communication barriers.
• Avoid raising topics like cochlear implants unless relevant to the patient’s presentation.